On The Trail of - Colonel CHARLES COCKE
 
THE TRIALS OF CHARLES SCOTT COCKE
 

Charles Scott Cocke spent more than his share of time in court. It is not known whether he was simply a hot-head, a lightning rod for trouble, or a convenient target for his father's enemies. For whatever reason, the stories make for some interesting reading and tend to involve the noted politicians of the area.

 
THE WAYNE COUNTY CRIMINAL TRIAL
 

In "Wayne County, Kentucky Pioneers" (1974), p. 90, June Baldwin Bork relates the following story:

Charles S. Cocke and Nancy his wife came into Court and filed a Suit August 1819 for Slander against James Shepherd. Nancy Cocke states that she has always been a good, faithfull and virtuous woman and respected by all her neighbors, and acquaintances and has never been suspected of Adultry. However, James Shepherd has published in the hearing of many good citizens that she was guilty of Adultry with Cannon Washam. Nancy and Charles sue for $2000 in damages.

This Deposition taken 20 Dec 1819 of Beverly Shepherd in the Town of Franklin in Howard County, Missouri Territory -
Questions by James Shepherd to Beverly Shepherd:

Question: Did you not hear Charles S. Cocke tell me that my wife was a liar in regards to his wife Nancy commiting Adultry with Cannon Washam?

Answer: Your reply was that the report was above stated in regards to Nancy Cocke.

Question: Where was myself and Charles S. Cocke when this conversation took place?

Answer: You were on the Main Road leading from the Town of Monticello to Somerset, about 40 or 50 yeards from each other.

N.B. There is no Court House in the above Town of Franklin.

Commentary

I have located the family of James Shepherd (1793-1845) and Barbara Catron (1789-1870) who moved to Howard County, Missouri in 1819 and lived near the town of Franklin. However, there does not appear to be any familial relationship to the Cockes.

On 5 Oct 1819, Cannon Worsham married Margaret Mullen, daughter of Isaac Mullen and Mary Cocke.

 
THE RAPE TRIAL
 

In 1819-20, Charles S. Cocke was charged, along with Samuel Gholson and another companion, with rape. The story is related in the memoirs of Micah Taul, as described in "A Century of Wayne County, Kentucky", pp. 37-39:

In the spring of 1819 or '20 Colonel Taul was back in Wayne we suppose for the last time. Upon his arrival he found the people excited beyond measure on account of the arrest of three men, who were charged with committing a rape on a woman of the county. The influential citizens prevailed upon him not to undertake their defense. He, however, conferred with the defendants and came to the conclusion they were not guilty of the charge. Said he, "many of my good Wayne County friends were sorely vexed with me for defending them. I never saw a community so inflamed." The men were considered desperate and strong guards were employed by the sheriff to guard the woman. She was marched between double files with the sheriff at the head to the grand jury room that an indictment might be found. "Judge Montgomery," said Taul, "was a very impulsive man; he was not only the personal enemy of the men charged, but he was my personal enemy. I had beaten him for Congress in 1814 and he seemed determined never to forgive me for it."

Amid much opera bouffe demonstration the trial came on. As soon as Taul began his speech, the judge left the bench and did not resume his seat until he concluded his argument. Says Taul, "I never managed a case better, never made a better speech. I convinced the jury that all three of the men were innocent. I dwelt with severity upon the conduct of the judge in having the witness guarded to and from the court house. I told them that the conduct of the judge was a libel upon the county, that his object was to add to the too great excitement for the purpose of producing the conviction of the persons charged. Possibly, gentlemen, said I, his Honor may consider you all savages as you voted against him for Congress in 1812-14." At each of these elections Montgomery had only received eighteen votes in the county. Years afterwards judge Montgomery told Colonel Taul that the reason why he did not remain on the bench was that he saw the "devil was in him." He said that he was satisfied that Taul intended to arraign him for his conduct before the jury and he could not stand it. "I should," said he, "have ordered you to jail, the consequence of which would have been the acquittal of the prisoners by acclamation. The people of Wayne County would not have seen you carried to jail by my order. No sheriff could have laid hands on you there in safety. Instead of you being taken to jail, I should in all likelihood have been mobbed and thus the whole matter would have ended."

One of these men moved to Texas [Samuel Gholson] and another, Charles Cox, the youngest son of a highly respectable man, who had been a member of the Virginia and Kentucky legislature was hung in Arkansas for murder. He was the father of Rebecca Cox who now lives in Monticello. They had got themselves into this great difficulty by dissipation. They had been the preceding day at a "deer hunt" and "fish fry," where they had indulged freely in drinking, stopped at a doggery, where they became involved with the woman in the case.

Commentary

As the narrative indicates, the trial involved a contest between two political rivals: Judge Montgomery and Micah Taul. Micah Taul was well respected in the community. He had been the Colonel in charge of the Wayne County volunteers in the War of 1812 and had been elected to the House of Representatives. He had moved to Winchester, Kentucky. After the trial, he moved to Tennessee and later moved to Alabama, where his family continued to play a role in the politics of that state.

Contrary to the statement in the narrative, there is no evidence that Charles Cocke was ever in the Kentucky legislature.

 
THE CLARK COUNTY MURDER TRIAL
 

In 1831-32, Charles S. Cocke allegedly shot and killed Zebulon Edmiston. The following account is in the scrapbook of Dr. Willis S. Smith (now in the Arkansas Historical Commission Collection):

A CRIMINAL CASE

In 1831 or 1832, Charles C. Coches, having held hard feelings (whiskey) toward Zebulon Edmiston, for several months, shot and killed Mr. Edmiston, and made his escape, to the then wilds of Texas. Mr. Edmiston was a large man, and said to be rather overbearing toward his adversaries; but a good honest man, very well respected by those who had the chance to know him. Mr. Coches was rather weak in physical strength, and had been in serious difficulties in the states, and had barely escaped punishment there. The governor of the territory (John Pope) offered a reward for the apprehension and delivery of Mr. Coches. The detectives, however, were daily making use of all chances to hear of his whereabouts. Mr. Coches was taken sick in Texas, Mexico, and was unable to secrete himself any longer. He was captured and delivered to A. E. Thornton, sheriff of Clark County, by James Gibson, the then sheriff of Hempstead county.

At the March term of the Clark circuit court, 1833, the case was before the grand jury, and a true bill of indictment for murder was returned unto the court, and the defendant, Coches, was arraigned before the bar for trial. The United States of America - Territory of Arkansas vs. Charles Coches - indictment for shooting and killing Zebulon Edmiston.

The court met according to adjournment, Thomas Hubbard represented the U.S. and Robert Crittenden the criminal. On motion of Crittenden, the court appointed six men as guards, who after being sworn, entered on their duty. Mr. Coches health being so bad, it was not safe to keep him in the jail for he was in articulo mortalis. The jail was an old log house, not good enough for a well person, therefore the prisoner was kept in a house where his wants could be attended to. Mr. A.E. Thornton, then sheriff, was connected with affinity to Mr. Edmiston, and this being made manifest to the court, an elisor was appointed to act as sheriff during the important trial.

The petit jury was summoned and selected and the case progressed. Each contested every inch of ground they could in their favor, respectively. Judge Hubbard was a lawyer of marked ability, no better choice could be made for the U.S. Bob Crittenden was said to be the best lawyer in the territory and as an orator had no equal. Ashley and Sevier were called to assist on the side of the defense, both very able lawyers. After able speaking in behalf of the prisoner, and the defense, the case was closed.

The jury returned a verdict of murder in the first degree, as charged in the indictment. The verdict of the jury was read in court to the prisoner, and after other preliminaries were had, his honor, Judge Cross, ordered the prisoner to stand up, and then asked the prisoner if he had anything to say why sentence of death should not be passed on him. The answer being returned in the negative, the judge passed sentence on him. The time fixed for the execution was the 20th day of April, 1833, between the hours of 10 o'clock in the forenoon and 2 o'clock in the afternoon, the prisoner to hang by the neck until dead. A motion for new trial and arrest of judgment were overruled.

The prisoner was remanded back into the custody of the sheriff, A.E. Thornton, and then into the care of the guard, almost dead by that dangerous disease, ascites. Drs. Cocks and McDonald were chosen as physicians to administer medical aid to the criminal. They treated this case until the day of his execution. Dr. Cocks was the best read physician I ever had the pleasure of meeting in Arkansas. On the day of the execution, in Greenville, I saw more people, than I ever saw, in Greenville, up to that date. Several ministers followed him to the gallows.

He made no confession in regard to his future. He said he died wrongfully.

[Sent by Howard V. Jones to Bob Ewing, 26 Jul 1999]

The following articles appeared The Arkansas Gazette:

MURDER.
At the late General Muster of the Militia of Clark county, on the 29th ult., Mr. ZEBULON EDMISTON was shot from his horse just as he was leaving the muster ground and apparently without provocation by a man by the name of CHARLES S. COX, who immediately fled and made his escape though promptly pursued by 20 or 30 men. Cox had been residing in that county for some time past and has a family there, but is understood to be a fugitive from justice from Tennessee, where he had committed a murder and is withal, a very worthless man. Mr. Edmiston was a respectable citizen of Clark county.
[The Arkansas Gazette, November 9, 1931, page 3, col. 2.]

Stop the Murderer.
$250 REWARD.
WHEREAS, CHARLES S. COCKE, wilfully, maliciously, and without any known provocation, late in the evening of the 29th day of last month, at the house of Col. Jacob Wells in Clark county, Arkansas Territory, did present a gun at Zebulon Edmiston and fired immediately and shot him through the body of which he died in a few minutes. The murderer made his escape immediately:
Now, therefore, I, Nancy Edmiston, widow of the aforesaid Zebulon Edmiston, do offer a reward of two hundred and fifty dollars for the apprehension and safe delivery into the custody of the Sheriff of the aforesaid county of Clark, of the said Charles S. Cocke; and I do hereby bind myself to pay said sum to any person who will apprehend and safely deliver him into the custody of the sheriff as aforesaid.
The said Charles S. Cocke is about 40 years of age, about 5 feet 11 inches high, of rather a slender form, thin face, light red hair, blue eyes, and fair skin; it is supposed he will make for the Texas. Said Cocke came to this county some four or five years ago and passed by the name of Charles Scott; his name however was found afterwards to be Charles Scott Cocke and as I have learned, he has frequently told since he came here, that he fled from the State of Alabama for committing murder. \par Given under my hand this 20th day of November 1831.
NANCY EDMISTON.
[The Arkansas Gazette, December 7, 14, and 21, 1831.]

A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS, it is represented to the Governor of the Territory of Arkansas, that a murder was perpetrated, in the county of Clark, in said Territory, on the body of Zebulon Edmiston, by a certain CHARLES S. COX, who fled from justice, and is now going at large.
Now, therefore, I, JOHN POPE, Governor of the Territory aforesaid, to the end that the said Charles S. Cox, if guilty of the crime with which he stands charged, may be punished according to law, do hereby offer a reward of Two Hundred Dollars to any person who may apprehend and deliver the said Charles S. Cox to the proper authorities of said county, to be there proceeded against and dealt with according to law.
Given under my hand at Little Rock, A.T. this 10th day of January, 1832.
JOHN POPE.
[The Arkansas Gazette, January 18 and 25, 1832.]

We understand that Charles Cox who shot Mr. Zebulon Edmiston in Clark county last year and for w hose apprehension the Governor offered a reward of $200 has been apprehended in Texas and brought back and is now securely lodged in the Jail of Hempstead county.
[Arkansas Gazette, October 24, 1832, page 3, column 1.]

CONVICTION FOR MURDER.
At the Circuit Court of Clark county which sat last week, Charles S. Cocke was tried on an indictment for the murder of Zebulon Edmiston, on the 29th Oct. 1831, found Guilty, and sentenced to be executed on the 29th inst. (April) Counsel: for the prosecution, T. Hubbard, Pros. Att'y., and A.H. Sevier; for the prisoner, C. Ashley and R. Crittenden.
[Arkansas Gazette, April 3, 1833, page 3, column 2.]

EXECUTION.
On the 29th ult., (April) Charles S. Cocke suffered the highest penalty of the law in Clark county, for the murder of Mr. Zebulon Edmiston near two years ago. We understand he died without making any confession, though it is generally believed that he had perpetrated other murders than the one for which he was executed and had committed at least one act of brutality on a respectable young lady before he fled to Arkansas for which he ought to have suffered death years ago.
[Arkansas Gazette, May 8, 1833, page 2, column 3.]

PUBLIC SENTIMENT.
Washington county, May 21, 1833.
Dear Sir. - ... A man by the name of ... has been industriously circulating a report in the county, that Col. Sevier volunteered to defend Cox, murderer of Edmiston in Clark county. This slander has been circulating among the relatives of the unfortunate man who fell by the hands of Cox, for the purpose of injuring Col. Sevier; but I trust it will have no effect, when it is understood that Crittenden and not Sevier, was the man who defended Cox. This slander is worthy of the man who has given it circulation ...
EDITORIAL.
We know not how any man could have the hardihood to trump such an arrant falsehood that Col. Sevier volunteered to defend Cox. The truth is, he was employed to aid in the prosecution, and we trust it will not be derogating from the fame of the Prosecuting Attorney, Mr. Hubbard, to say that, Mr. Sevier, belongs much of the credit of convicting the prisoner.
The murder was one of the most deliberate and cold-blooded acts of the kind ever perpetrated in the county, and excited an almost universal burst of indignation from the people, several of whom united in employing Col. Sevier to assist in bringing to punishment the wretch who had committed such a flagrant breach of the laws.
The defense was conducted by Col. Ashley and Mr. CRITTENDEN, and we have no doubt they used every exertion in their power that duty required of them to save the life of their guilty client.
EDITORS, Gazette.
[Arkansas Gazette, May 22, 1833, page 2, column 5.]

Commentary

Zebulon Edmiston was related to several prominent men in the community.  As noted above "Mr. A.E. Thornton, then sheriff, was connected with affinity to Mr. Edmiston".  Sheriff Abner E. Thornton was related to Zebulon Edmiston by marriage because his sister married David Crawford Edmiston, a brother of Zebulon Edmiston.  Zebulon's wife was Nancy Moore, who may have been related to Matthew and Nathaniel Moore, early settlers and magistrates of Clark County.

Nevertheless, once again, Charles Scott Cocke was surrounded by notable men of the time. The accounts indicate that he was defended by the law firm of Chester Ashley and Robert Crittenden (precursor to the Rose law firm). He was prosecuted with the assistance of Ambrose Hundley Sevier.

Although Sevier and Crittenden had started out as political allies, in 1827, Crittenden killed Sevier's cousin and political ally, Henry Wharton Conway in a duel. This caused quite a stir, both in Arkansas and elsewhere since, at the time, Henry Wharton Conway was a member of Congress.

Charles Cocke had connections with both:

  • He had served with John Crittenden, father of Robert Crittenden, in the Virginia House.

  • He later contacted Sevier in connection with his Pension Application.

Although there is no indication that Charles Scott Cocke and Zebulon Edmiston were engaged in a duel, politics and dueling seemed to be a way of life in Arkansas. Since dueling was illegal in Arkansas, most duels were fought in places where dueling was still legal. Even the judges who were supposed to uphold the law, occasionally took up arms against each other. Governor John Pope had a nephew who was involved in several duels and finally lost his life in a duel in Mexico.

In the case of Charles Scott Cocke, the governor offered a reward for his capture. Governor Pope may have been motivated by more than a desire for justice, since one of the people who dueled his nephew was a John Cocke, who might have been a cousin of Charles Scott Cocke.  On the other hand, the duel might have been with John Watkins Cocke who married Governor Pope's daughter.  John Watkins Cocke appears to be a descendant of Abraham Cocke and Mary Batte, possible ancestors of Charles Cocke.